Cerita Sejarah Adolf Hitler was a German pemimpin whose leadership became an important factor in the history of Germany. He was a charismatic leader and his influence spread across Europe.
Hitler was also known for his controversial views. He was an extremist who believed in totalitarianism and anti-Semitism. He was also a strong advocate of nationalism and anti-immigration.
1. The Life of Adolf Hitler Cerita Sejarah Adolf Hitler
The life of Adolf Hitler, the infamous Nazi dictator who ruled over Germany for almost 40 years, is an extraordinary tale of corruption and brutality. Hitler’s life was marked by a plethora of racial theories, tainted politics and the exploitation of propaganda for political gain.
The Hitler who grew up in Vienna was poor and depressed, but his mother’s death gave him a sense of purpose and direction. He painted watercolors and sketches to earn a living, but by the end of 1913 he had moved to Munich to avoid arrest for evading his military service obligation to Habsburg Austria.
He became a member of a right-wing party, the National Socialist German Workers Party (Nazis), and in April 1933 became its leader.
As a leader of the Nazis, Hitler developed an aggressive and radical anti-Semitic agenda.
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He rejected the legitimacy of Germany’s monarchy and the Versailles Treaty and fought against the Allied war effort in Europe.
Eventually, the Nazis won a series of victories over their opponents, culminating in the destruction of the Soviet Union and the establishment of the Third Reich. Hitler’s ruthless rule was based on the tenet that Jews were the enemy of God and his people, and he had no respect for human rights or human life.
He was a bloodthirsty, cruel, ruthless dictator who abused his power to the limit. His policies led to the deaths of millions of people in his country and abroad. He also destroyed much of the infrastructure of the country and enacted policies that would lead to its demise. As a result, Germany was plunged into an economic and social crisis and Hitler’s regime lost control of the country after World War II.
2. The Origins of the Nazi Party Cerita Sejarah Adolf Hitler
The origins of the Nazi Party can be traced to Adolf Hitler’s membership in a small political group known as the German Workers’ Party, or NSDAP, which had been founded by Anton Drexler. During his time with the party, Hitler developed an energy and oratory skills that allowed him to take control of the group. In 1920 he formulated a 25-point program that became the foundation of the Nazi Party and called for abandonment of the Treaty of Versailles and territorial expansion.
The Nazis embraced ethnic nationalism as a means of national reunification and claimed that the people of Germany shared a common past, history and ties to the land. The Party drew its members from a range of ethnic groups, including farmers, teachers and small businessmen who had suffered from the economic depression of the 1920s.
It also drew its members from war veterans groups and paramilitary organizations, whose members were receptive to the Party’s anti-Communist rhetoric. The Party encouraged these groups to join the Waffen-SS, the German military force that served under Nazi authority until World War II began.
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Cerita Sejarah Adolf Hitler In the late 1920s, the NSDAP became increasingly popular among farmers, public servants and small businessmen. These were the people who had suffered most from the economic crisis and feared Bolshevism.
Despite their growing popularity, the Nazis were not strong enough to seize power from the Weimar Republic. In 1923, a failed attempt by Nazi activists to overthrow the Bavarian government landed Hitler in prison.
After a stint in prison, Hitler reorganized the Nazi Party and expanded its base. He also wrote a book that outlined his racist and antisemitic beliefs.
The Nazi Party gained a significant amount of support in the 1930 elections. They won 18.3% of the vote and sent 107 delegates to the Reichstag, making them the second largest party in the German Parliament.
3. The Rise of the Third Reich
Cerita Sejarah Adolf Hitler The rise of the Third Reich, the era that Hitler dubbed the “thousand-year” Reich, was one of the most catastrophic events in Western civilization. When the German Empire fell at the end of World War II, it bequeathed to historians an hour-by-hour record of Hitler’s reign: government documents, telegrams, private letters, diaries, and more.
The Führer had a unique, almost psychotic, personality that was able to capture the public imagination. His ardent, violent hatred of Jews led to the mass murder of them in the Holocaust. He also strove to transform Germany into a state where everyone unselfishly served the nation, democracy was abolished, and all individual rights were sacrificed for the benefit of the fuhrer state.
When the Nazi Party won the parliamentary elections in 1932, it became the largest faction in the Reichstag (parliament). In July 1933, the Nazi Party won the most votes of any political party in Germany. They voted to install Hitler as the Chancellor of Germany and began to expand their powers and consolidate their hold on power.
He was a ruthless politician who used his power to enforce his extreme views on all aspects of society. In particular, he instituted racial laws that exiled Jews from the civil service and the judiciary. The government banned Jewish schools and businesses, and the first ceremonial public book burnings took place in Germany.
During this period, the Nazis also enacted a series of sweeping social policies that weakened German culture, including a ban on Jewish religious expression and an attempt to isolate Jews from the public service and the military. They also reorganized the German economy and enacted a number of draconian measures to control public health.
4. The Final Days of the Third Reich
Cerita Sejarah Adolf Hitler The final days of the Third Reich were marked by a sense of hopelessness. Hitler grew increasingly isolated and demoralised, but he was not alone in this. The armed forces and the civilian population of Germany also became disillusioned. Throughout the war, hundreds of thousands of German citizens with mental or physical disabilities were imprisoned and worked to death in SS camps.
One of the most disturbing aspects of the Nazi regime was the genocide of Jews. The infamous Einsatzgruppen paramilitary death squads, accompanied by the Nazi armed forces, murdered millions of Jewish citizens during the Holocaust.
In the final days of World War II, Hitler and his generals attempted to make a last-ditch effort to defend Berlin from the Red Army. But the Russians, who had been steadily advancing since April, now moved in full force.
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By the end of April, a small group of Hitler’s most trusted generals and advisors had gathered in what was known as the Fuhrerbunker, a dank catacomb buried deep underneath the New Chancellery in central Berlin. Among them were Hermann Goering, Hitler’s designated heir; his foreign minister, Martin Bormann; the propaganda genius, Josef Goebbels; and Grand Admiral Karl Doenitz, a man of doglike devotion to the dictator.
But even as Doenitz and the other princes of the Nazi party tried to persuade Hitler that it was time for him to move on, he remained stubbornly in his bunker. He met with his generals every day, in a cramped situation room, poreing over maps of Berlin trying to block the Russian advance.
But on the 30th April, as the Red Army advanced further into Berlin, and rumors began to circulate of the collapse of the armed forces, Hitler decided it was time to give up. And so he shot himself.
5. The Final Battle
As the war began to wind down, it became clear that a large portion of the German military and civilian leadership was in no position to continue their fight against the Soviets. The situation was made worse by the revelation that Hitler was suffering from a serious psychological breakdown.
The Fuhrer, whose physical and mental state had been steadily deteriorating over the last few months, was confined to his bunker – a deep, secluded structure buried about 50 feet below the Reich Chancellery in Berlin. This was a strategic location, with its commanding position overlooking the city centre.
But as the battle against the Soviets drew to a close, the Fuhrer was unable to leave. He hoped to be protected by troops stationed in Berchtesgaden, a mountain range along the German-Austrian border in western Austria and southern Bavaria, but these were also being attacked by the Red Army.
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Nevertheless, after the Fuhrer had gathered his most senior members – Speer, Himmler, Goering and Donitz – for a last-minute meeting on his birthday, he announced that he was resigning as Führer (Leader) of Germany. He was to be replaced by the new Commander-in-Chief of the Wehrmacht, General Hermann Donitz.
Meanwhile, the Germans began to surrender. On April 24th, the Commander-in-Chief of Army Group Vistula, General Helmuth Weidling, issued an official declaration that all of Germany’s defence forces had formally ceased operations and were prepared to capitulate.
The Germans had suffered devastating losses in the Stalingrad and Kursk battles, which had been the largest tank battle in history and which the Russians had won comprehensively. They were now under pressure from the Red Army, which had smashed through their defenses on the eastern front early in 1943. This was one of the turning points in the Second World War.